Codex Ṣanʿāʾ DAM 01-25.1 – A Qur'ānic Manuscript From 1st Century Of Hijra
Islamic Awareness
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First Composed: 9th May 2009
Last Updated: 3rd June 2011
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Assalamu ʿalaykum wa rahamatullahi wa barakatuhu:
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(a) UNESCO Image No.151250B |
(b) UNESCO Image No.151251B |
(c) Maṣāḥif Ṣanʿāʾ, 1985
(d) UNESCO Image No. 026001B
Folios from codex DAM 01-25.1
Date
1st century of hijra.[1]
Inventory No.
DAM 01-25.1
Size & Folios
The folios have the approximate dimensions of 33.5 cm (height) x 26.0 cms (width). The codex consists of 29 folios.[2]
History Of The Manuscript
This manuscript was found in the Great Mosque in Ṣanʿāʾ, Yemen.
Script & Ornamentation
Ḥijāzī.
There are few diacritical marks but no vocalization. The verses divisions indicate the beginning of the usage of simple ornamentation which is nothing but adjacent strokes. Set of strokes arranged as a triangle or rectangle or even a straight line represent end of a verse. Every tenth verse has a circle enclosing set of strokes. The end of one sūrah and the beginning of another is usually indicated by an empty space.
Contents
It has Qur'an 1:5–46:17 (fragmented, not sequential text). An interesting feature of this early ḥijāzī manuscript is the presence of sūrah al-Fātiḥah [Figure (a)] which is followed immediately by sūrah al-Baqarah. The presence of sūrah al-Fātiḥah is rare in the Qur'ans from 1st century hijra, the only other known example being the “Great Umayyad Qur'ān”, DAM 20-33.1, also from Ṣanʿāʾ.
Below are the folios of this codex.[3]
Codex Ṣanʿāʾ DAM 01-25.1 Folios Qur'anic Surah / Ayah Size of the Folio (cm.) Image Publication Comments 1a – – – No text 1b 1:5 - 1:7; 2:1 - 2:16 (31.0 x 20.0) UNESCO Image No. 151250B – 2a 7:29 - 7:37 34.0 x 37.0 UNESCO Image No. 151251B – 2b 7:37 - 7:44 33.8 x 26.2 Maṣāḥif Ṣanʿāʾ, 1985; von Bothmer et al., 1999[4]; Déroche, 2002[5] – 3a 7:44 - 7:54
– – – 3b 7:54 - 7:69 – – – 4a 7:69 - 7:80 – – – 4b 7:80 - 7:89 – – – 5a 7:89 - 7:103
– – – 5b 7:103 - 7:129
– – – 6a 7:129 - 7:142
– – – 6b 7:142 - 7:153
– – – 7a 7:154 - 7:160 – – – 7b 7:160 - 7:170
– – – 8a 7:170 - 7:188
– – – 8b 7:188 - 7:204
– – – 9a 7:204 - 7:206; 8:1 - 8:17 33.8 x 26.2 Maṣāḥif Ṣanʿāʾ, 1985; von Bothmer et al., 1999[4]; Déroche, 2002[5] – 9b 8:17 - 8:34
– – – 10a 10:22 - 10:35
– – – 10b 10:35 - 10:51
– – – 11a 11:6 - 11:17
– – – 11b 11:17 - 11:31 – – – 12a 17:93 - 17:96
– – – 12b 17:100 - 17:111 – – – 13a 18:22 - 18:31 – – – 13b 18:32 - 18:45
– – – 14a (19:46) – – Fragment 14b (19:64) – – Fragment 15a (20:72) – – Fragment 15b (20:86) – – Fragment 16a 24:2 - 24:13
– – – 16b 24:14 - 24:25 – – – 17a 24:27 - 24:33
– – – 17b 24:34 - 24:43
– – – 18a 26:83 - 26:121 – – – 18b 26:122 - 26:156
(33.0 x 18.0) UNESCO Image No. 151252B – 19a (26:167 - 26:189) – – Fragment 19b (26:208 - 26:227) – – Fragment 20a 33:20 - 33:33
– – – 20b 33:34 - 33:45 – – – 21a 39:34 - 39:48
– – – 21b 39:49 - 39:67 – – – 22a 41:2 - 41:16 33.0 x 26.0 UNESCO Image No. 151253B – 22b 41:20 - 41:30 – – – 23a 41:31 - 41:47
– – – 23b 41:47 - 41:54; 42:1 - 42:11 – – – 24a 42:11 - 42:20 – – – 24b 42:20 - 42:36
– – – 25a 42:36 - 42:49
– – – 25b 42:49 - 42:53; 43:1 - 43:13 33.0 x 36.0 UNESCO Image No. 026001B Bifolio 26a 43:13 - 43:32
– – – 26b 43:32 - 43:60 – – – 27a 43:60 - 43:85
– – – 27b 43:85 - 43:89; 44:1 - 44:37 – – – 28a 44:37 - 44:59; 45:1 - 45:10
– – – 28b 45:10 - 45:29 – – – 29a (45:35 - 45:37; 46:1 - 46:3) – – Fragment 29b (46:15 - 46:17) – – Fragment
Location
Dār al-Makhṭūtāt, Ṣanʿāʾ, Yemen.
References
[1] Maṣāḥif Ṣanʿāʾ, 1985, Dār al-Athar al-Islamiyyah: Kuwait, pp. 60-61, Plate 3.
[2] S. Noja Noseda, "La Mia Vista A Sanaa E Il Corano Palinseto", Rendiconti: Classe Di Lettere E Scienze Morali E Storiche, 2003 (Published 2004), Volume 137, Fasc. 1, p. 54.
[3] A. Fedeli, "I Manoscritti Di Sanaa: Fogli Sparsi Che Diventano Corani" in F. Aspesi, V. Brugnatelli, A. L. Callow & C. Rosenzweig (Eds.), Il Mio Cuore È A Oriente: Studi Di Linguistica Storica, Filologia E Cultura Ebraica Dedicati A Maria Luisa Mayer Modena, 2008, Cisalpino: Milano, pp. 30-31. The table of contents provided here contains a few typos. Fedeli has kindly provided the authors with an updated folio by folio breakdown based on her second examination of the manuscript. Other resources used are Memory Of The World: Ṣanʿāʾ Manuscripts, CD-ROM Presentation by UNESCO and K. Small & E. Puin, "UNESCO CD of Ṣanʿāʾ Mss. Part 3: Qur'ān Palimpsests, And Unique Qur'ān Illustrations", Manuscripta Orientalia, 2007, Volume 13, Number 2, pp. 63, 68-69.
[4] H-C. G. von Bothmer, K-H. Ohlig & G-R. Puin, "Neue Wege Der Koranforschung", Magazin Forschung (Universität des Saarlandes), 1999, No. 1, p. 34.
[5] F. Déroche, "New Evidence About Umayyad Book Hands" in Essays In Honour Of Ṣalāḥ Al-Dīn Al-Munajjid, 2002, Al-Furqān Islamic Heritage Foundation Publication: No. 70, Al-Furqān Islamic Heritage Foundation: London (UK), pp. 620-621.
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